1. Introduction to Linux:

• What is Linux?
• History and evolution of Linux.
• Different distributions (distros) of Linux.

2. Linux Installation:

• Choosing the right distribution.
• Installation methods (e.g., graphical installer, command-line installer).
• Dual-boot setups and virtualization.

3. Linux Command Line Basics:

• Navigating the file system.
• Working with files and directories.
• Basic shell commands (ls, cd, mkdir, etc.).
• Command syntax and options.

4. Text Editors:

• Using text editors like nano, vi, or vim.
• Basic text editing and navigation.

5. User and Group Management:

• Creating and managing user accounts.
• Setting user permissions and ownership.
• Understanding user groups.

6. File Permissions:

• Understanding the permission system (rwx).
• Modifying permissions using chmod.
• Special permissions and symbolic notation.

7. Processes and System Monitoring:

• Managing processes.
• Monitoring system performance.
• Using tools like top, ps, and htop.

8. Package Management:

• Managing software packages with package managers (e.g., apt, yum, pacman).
• Installing, updating, and removing software.

9. File System Hierarchy:

• Understanding the organization of the Linux file system.
• Key directories and their purposes.

10. Shell Scripting:

• Basics of shell scripting.
• Writing and executing shell scripts.
• Conditional statements and loops.

11. Networking:

• Configuring network interfaces.
• Basic network troubleshooting.
• Using tools like ping, ifconfig, ip, netstat.

12. System Administration:

• Managing services and daemons.
• Configuring system settings.
• Cron jobs and scheduling tasks.

13. Security and Permissions:

• Firewall configuration (e.g., iptables, firewalld).
• Securing SSH access.
• Basic security practices.

14. File Compression and Archives:

• Creating and extracting archives (tar, zip).
• Compression tools (gzip, bzip2).

15. System Backup and Recovery:

• Backup strategies.
• Restoring data and system configurations.

16. Advanced Topics (depending on the course level):

• Kernel and module management.
• Disk partitioning and management.
• Network services (DNS, DHCP, Apache, etc.).
• Containerization and virtualization (Docker, VirtualBox).

17. Troubleshooting:

• Diagnosing and resolving common issues.
• Reading logs and error messages.